|
Alligator Cracks |
Interconnected cracks forming a
series of small blocks resembling an alligator's skin or chicken wire. |
|
Asphalt Concrete |
High-quality,
thoroughly-controlled hot mixture of asphalt cement and well-graded, high
quality aggregate, thoroughly compacted into a uniform dense mass. |
|
Asphalt Emulsion Slurry Seal |
A mixture of slow-setting
emulsified asphalt, water, aggregate and mineral filler, produced to a
slurry consistency and placed on pavement surface. |
|
Asphalt Leveling Course |
A layer of an asphalt aggregate
mixture of variable thickness used to eliminate irregularities in the
contour of an existing surface prior to placement of an overlay. |
|
Asphalt Overlay |
One or more courses of
asphalt-aggregate mixtures placed on an existing pavement. The overlay
generally includes a leveling course and/or pavement milling to correct
the contour of the old pavement, followed by uniform cours(s) to provide
needed thickness. |
|
Asphalt Pavements |
Pavements consisting of a
surface course of mineral aggregate coated and cemented together with
asphalt cement, placed on supporting courses such as asphalt bases;
crushed stone, slag, or gravel; or on portland cement concrete, brick,
or block pavement. |
|
Asphalt Prime Coat |
An application of
low-viscosity cutback to an absorbent surface, or a mixed-in application
of emulsified asphalt. It is used only on an untreated base prior to
placement of the asphalt pavement. |
|
Asphalt Surface Treatments |
Applications of asphalt
materials to any type of road or pavement surface, with or without a
cover of mineral aggregate, that produce an increase in thickness of
less than 25 mm (one inch). |
|
Asphalt Tack Coat |
A very light application of
asphalt applied to an existing asphalt or portland cement concrete
surface, used to ensure a bond between the surface being paved and the
overlying course. Asphalt emulsion diluted with water is the preferred
asphalt material. |
|
Bleeding or Flushing Asphalt |
The upward movement of
asphalt in an asphalt pavement resulting in the formation of a film of
asphalt on the surface. |
|
Blow-Up |
The localized buckling or
shattering of a rigid type pavement, occurring usually at transverse
crack or joint. |
|
Chip Seal |
An asphalt emulsion sprayed
on existing asphalt or existing surfaces with a washed 3/8” stone
applied for a surface treatment for skid resistance and asphalt
preservation. Also used for dust control on driveways and secondary
roads. |
|
Crack |
Separation of the pavement
due to natural causes, traffic action, or reflections from an underlying
pavement. |
|
Deflection |
The downward vertical
movement of a pavement surface due to the application of a load to the
surface. |
|
Depressions |
Localized low areas of
limited size that may or may not be accompanied by cracking. |
|
Disintegration |
The breaking up of a
pavement surface from its original shape. |
|
Full-Dept Asphalt Pavement |
An asphalt pavement
structure that uses asphalt mixtures for all courses above the subgrade
or improved subgrade. A Full-Depth asphalt pavement is laid directly on
the prepared subgrade.
|
|
Hot Mix Asphalt |
High-quality,
thoroughly-controlled hot mixture of asphalt cement and well-graded,
high quality aggregate, thoroughly compacted into a uniform dense mass. |
|
Hydroplaning |
The dangerous action of a
vehicle being driven on a pavement over which a film of rain or other
water has formed; on reaching certain speed, the vehicle's tires tend to
ride upon the water surface rather than the pavement, drastically
reducing the driver's control of the vehicle. |
|
Micro-Surfacing |
Micro-Surfacing is a mixture
of polymer modified asphalt emulsion, mineral aggregate, mineral filler,
water and other additives, properly proportioned, mixed and spread on a
paved surface. |
|
Plant Mix |
A mixture, produced in an
asphalt mixing plant, consisting of mineral aggregate uniformly coated
with asphalt binder. |
|
Potholes |
Bowl-shaped holes of varying
sizes in the pavement, resulting from localized disintegration. |
|
Pumping |
Slab movement under passing
loads resulting in the ejection of mixtures of water, sand, clay, and/or
silt along transverse or longitudinal joints and cracks, and along
pavement edges. |
|
Raveling |
The progressive separation
of aggregate particles in a pavement from the surface downward or from
the edges inward. |
|
Recycling |
The re-use, usually after
some reprocessing, of a material that has already served its first
intended purpose. |
|
Reflection Cracks |
Cracks in asphalt overlays
that reflect the crack pattern in the pavement structure underneath. |
|
Rutting |
Channelized depressions that
may develop in the wheel tracks of an asphalt pavement. |
|
Scaling |
The peeling away or
disintegrating of the surface of portland cement concrete. |
|
Seal Coat |
A thin asphalt surface
treatment used to waterproof and improve the texture of an asphalt
wearing surface. Depending on the purpose, seal coats may or may not be
covered with aggregate. The main types of seal coats are fog seals,
aggregate seals, slurry seals, and sand seals. |
|
Shoving |
A form of plastic movement
resulting in localized bulging of the pavement. |
|
Skid Hazard |
Any condition that might
contribute to making a pavement slippery. |
|
Spalling |
The breaking or chipping of
pavement at joints, cracks, or edges, usually resulting in fragments
with feather edges. |
|
Upheaval |
The localized upward
displacement of a pavement due to swelling of the subgrade or some portion
of the pavement structure. |
